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Five sanity checks that catch a wrong market size

Discipline · ~8 min read · public-methodology

A market size can be arithmetically perfect and still nonsense — a SOM bigger than its SAM, a bottom-up number that implies customers paying more than the value they receive. These are the errors that survive a spreadsheet review and die in a board room. So before any figure ships, it clears five automated gates. Here they are, each with the exact rule and a worked pass, run on the warehouse-robotics sample.

1Funnel monotonicity

The funnel must strictly shrink: SOM ≤ SAM ≤ TAM. A SOM that exceeds its SAM means the narrowing logic is broken — you're claiming to obtain more than you can serve.

SOM $415.8M ≤ SAM $3.47B ≤ TAM $9.00B ✓ passes

2Bottom-up inside the value pool

A sector cannot charge for more value than it creates. The bottom-up TAM must sit inside the addressable value pool — otherwise the price or attach-rate assumptions are impossible.

bottom-up $7.56B ≤ value pool $120B ✓ passes

If this fails, the fix is almost always the bottom-up price or attach rate, not the pool. Detail in the value-theory guide.

3Capture share is a plausible slice

The top-down capture share must be a minority of the parent market — at most ~60%. Above that, you've stopped sizing a sub-sector and started claiming it is the parent category, which is a framing error, not a market size.

capture share 30% ≤ 60% ✓ passes // 75% would fail — the sub-sector is being framed as the whole category

4Cross-method price coherence

The price-per-adopter implied by the top-down number should be within an order of magnitude of the bottom-up price assumption. If the two big methods disagree on price by more than 10×, one of them has a broken input.

implied price (top-down) ÷ your price = 1.19× coherent when 0.1× ≤ ratio ≤ 10× → ✓ passes

This is the check that most often catches a silently-inflated top-down number — see the top-down vs bottom-up guide.

5Near-term SOM is realistic

A three-year SOM should be a modest share of its SAM. Capturing more than ~30% of a served market in three years implies near-monopoly, and investors discount it on sight.

SOM ÷ SAM = $415.8M ÷ $3.47B = 12% ≤ 30% ✓ passes
All five gate the report, not decorate it. A figure that fails any check is surfaced as a warning and does not silently ship. The goal isn't to make every market look clean — it's to make sure a number that looks clean actually is.
Honest caveat. These checks catch structural nonsense, not sourcing error — a figure can pass all five and still rest on a stale or mis-cited input. That's why the sourcing gate runs alongside them, and why a real report cites every number rather than asking you to trust the arithmetic.

Run the checks on your sector

The instant estimate applies the same monotonicity and SOM-share logic live and flags the agreement band as you change inputs.

Free instant estimate → Commission a cited report